Hello everyone!
Every successful website or app has a strong focus on providing a positive user experience. Understanding how people’s minds work and how human memory constraints affect how people engage with design interfaces is essential for creating outstanding user experiences. A wonderful user experience is the outcome of several psychological rules, which can be discovered if we look more deeply into UX. We can see all of the laws that designers follow around the world in user experience design.
Let’s briefly go through all 21 laws one by one.
01. Aesthetic-Usability Effect
02. Doherty Threshold
03. Fitts’s Law
04. Goal-Gradient Effect
05. Hick’s Law
06. Jakob’s Law
07. Law of Common Region
08. Law of Proximity
09. Law of Prägnanz
10. Law of Similarity
11. Law of Uniform Connectedness
12. Miller’s Law
13. Occam’s Razor
14. Pareto Principle
15. Parkinson’s Law
16. Peak-End Rule
17. Postel’s Law
18. Serial Position Effect
19. Tesler’s Law
20. Von Restorff Effect
21. Zeigarnik Effect
1. Aesthetic-Usability Effect
The aesthetic-usability effect refers to the ability of people to consider more appealing things as more viable. Even if something isn’t more productive or efficient, people typically think that it will perform better if it looks better.
2. Doherty Threshold
It says that productivity increases when a computer interacts with its users at a speed of less than 400 ms, ensuring that neither has to wait for the other.
3. Fitts’s Law
According to Fitts’ law, the distance to the target divided by the target’s size determines how long it takes to move a pointer to the target region.
Target X is the easiest to reach. It takes the least amount of time to reach any of the other goals.
4. Goal-Gradient Effect
According to the goal gradient effect, people speed up their behaviour to reach their objective faster as they approach a reward. In other words, rather than being driven by how far they’ve gone, people are inspired by how much more is needed to achieve their goal. Give users a clear indicator of their progress to encourage them to finish tasks.
5. Hick’s Law
According to Hick’s laws, increasing the number of options increases the time it takes for a person to make a decision. So, complex work should be broken down into smaller parts to reduce cognitive load.
6. Jakob’s Law
Users generally spend their time on other websites. This indicates that people want your website to function in the same manner as all the other websites they are already familiar with.
7. Law of Common Region
According to the principle of common region, objects that are located inside a border are thought of as a group and are definitionally similar in some way.
In this diagram, the border surrounding the three centre circles gives the impression that they are related and belong together.
8. Law of Proximity
According to the principle of proximity, objects that are close to one another are more likely to be viewed as belonging to the same group and having similar characteristics or functions. Proximity enables people to understand and organise information more quickly and efficiently.
9. Law of Prägnanz
According to the Law of Prägnanz, simple figures are easier for humans to understand and remember visually than complex figures. The human eye reduces complex shapes by combining them into a single, cohesive shape.
10. Law of Similarity
The Law of Similarity states: Even if similar design elements are separated, the human eye has a tendency to see them as a single whole, shape, or group.
Color continues to operate as an obvious shared property in shaping the perception of a grouping. even when applied randomly to various shapes.
11. Law of Uniform Connectedness
According to the law of unified connectivity, elements that are related to one another by colours, lines, frames, or other shapes are regarded as a single unit as compared to elements that are not connected in the same way.
12. Miller’s Law
According to Miller’s Law, the average human can only hold 7 (plus or minus 2) pieces of information in their short-term memory. Consequently, making a decision requires less cognitive effort. Therefore, avoid overloading the design with choices or components. It aids in keeping information in working memory.
13. Occam’s Razor
Occam’s Razor is a problem-solving principle created in the 14th century that says that simplicity is preferable to complexity. Simple means not neglecting the essential things in an attempt to reduce the complexity.
Designers should apply this law to their designs in order to find the optimal solution to an UX problem.
14. Pareto Principle
The Pareto principle states that for many events that occur, around 80% of the consequences result from 20% of the causes. This approach is useful in helping to prioritise time. It has been discovered that fixing 20% of the usability issues on your product could cure 80% of the problems your users are experiencing, which helps you prioritise them.
15. Parkinson’s Law
According to Parkinson’s Law, dividing up the work into smaller parts will increase productivity. In order to complete the work in the allocated time, it will continue to expand. A UX designer can use this law to create interfaces that help people complete tasks more quickly.
16. Peak-End Rule
The Peak-End rule states that people rate an experience mostly based on how they felt at its peak and at its finish, rather than the complete sum or average of every minute of the experience. The most emotionally intense parts of an experience, as well as the end of that experience, play a significant role in how we recall an event.
Keep in mind that unpleasant events are more vividly recalled than positive ones.
17. Postel’s Law
As a designer, you should accept variable input from users, transform it to meet your needs, define input limitations, and provide meaningful feedback to the user.
18. Serial Position Effect
The serial position effect describes how the sequential order of information affects human memory. It implies that humans have trouble remembering the middle items in a series and do best with the first and last.
19. Tesler’s Law
Tesler’s Law, often known as “The Law of Conservation of Complexity,” states that there is a certain level of complexity in any system that cannot be reduced.
This law emphasises the value of making things simple for the user.
20. Von Restorff Effect
The Von Restorff Effect, also known as “The Isolation Effect,” states that people are more likely to recall an object if it stands out from similarly-looking ones visually.
21. Zeigarnik Effect
The Zeigarnik effect is a psychological phenomenon that refers to a propensity to recall interrupted or unfinished work more easily than completed tasks. In general, humans prefer to focus on unfinished tasks rather than completed ones.
Conclusion
I’ve summarised the majority of UX laws as briefly as I could. We have all come across or experienced the majority of these laws at some point in our lives or while interacting with various levels of interface. I genuinely hope that it has given you some insight into all of these laws.
Thank you for this wonderful opportunity!
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